Common Material Properties

Common Material Properties

  Ultimate Strength   Yield Strength3          
Material                    
Steel:                    
Structural 7860 400 260 145 200 79 11.7 23
High-strength-low-allow 7860 480 350 210 200 79 11.7 21
Quenched and
tempered alloy
7860 825 700 380 200 79 11.7 18
Stainless
Cold-rolled 7920 860 500 190 73 17.3 12
Annealed 7920 620 275 152 190 73 17.3 50
                     
Cast Iron:                    
Gray, 4.5% C, ASTM A 48 7200 170 650 240 70 28 12.1 0.5
Malleable 7300 340 620 330 230 165 64 12.1 10
                     
Aluminum:                    
Alloy 1100-H14 (99% Al) 2710 110 70 95 55 70 26 23.6 20
Alloy 2014-T6 (4.4% Cu) 2800 480 290 410 220 72 27 23.0 13
Alloy 6061-T6 (1% Mg) 2710 290 185 255 140 69 26 23.6 17
                     
Yellow Brass
(65% Cu, 35% Zn):
                   
Cold-rolled 8470 540 300 435 250 105 39 20 8
Annealed 8470 330 220 105 65 105 39 20 62
                     
Phosphor Bronze:                    
Cold-rolled 8860 560 520 275 110 41 17.8 10
Spring temper 8780 840 110 18.4 4
                     
Magnesium Alloy
(8.5% Al)
1800 380 165 275 45 26 7
                     
Titanium Alloy
(6% Al, 4% V)
4460 900 825 114 9.5 10
                     
Monel Alloy
400 (Ni-Cu)
                   
Cold-worked 8830 675 580 345 180 13.9 22
Annealed 8830 550 220 125 180 13.9 46
                     
Timber, air dry:4                    
Douglas fir 525 50 7.5 12.5 varies:
3.0 to 4.5
Eastern spruce 440 37 6.9 9  
Southern pine 610 50 9.2 11  
                     
Concrete:                    
Medium strength 2320 28 25 10
High strength 2320 40 30 10
Nylon, molded 1110 55 2 81 50
Polystyrene 1050 48 90 55 3 72 4
Rubber 910 14 162 600
Neoprene 1250 24 500
Granite 2770 20 240 35 70 7
Glass, 98% silica 2190 50 65 28 80
1 Properties of metals vary widely as a result of variations in composition, heat treatment, and mechanical working.
2 For ductile metals the compression strength is generally assumed to be equal to the tension strength.
3 Offset of 0.2 percent
4 Timber properties are for loading parallel to the grain.